dorey



Patented July 1, 1919.

2 SHEETS-SHEEI l4 5) ATTORNEY v G. B. DOREY.

SHOCKABSORBER.

APPLxcATIoN FILED mAR.12.w1 r.

G. 13. DREY,l snuck Asos.

APPLICATIDN FILED MAR. 12,4917.

Patente July 1, 1919.

2 SHEETS-WEET 2 ni Il ungarn STATES PATEN FFXCE.

SHOCK-ABSORBER inceof Quebec, Canada, haveinvented cerftain new and useful llmprovements in Shock- Vltibsorbersr, and do hereby declare the folflowing to be a lull, clear, and exact description of same. y

. rilliis invention-relates to'I shock absorbers and appertains particularly to shock absorbers employing'diderental lever devices and has fortan object to provide a novel and improved diderential lever equipment. .another object is to incorporate in the construction of the device a protective casim; OI the exclusion of foreign matter and protection from untoward damage.

another object is to so construct-the shock absorber as to facilitate the whole or partial dismemberment thereof for inspection or l` renewal of parts.

.'ltfnother object is to provide vfor an improved automatic lubrication of the device. l'il Jl`he above with further objects and advantages will be hereinafter more fully de- 'scribed and particularly pointed out in the appended claims.

.For full comprehension, however, of my invention reference should be had to the ac- "companyiiliz drawings formingr a part of this specilicatiii, in which similar reference characters lindicate the same parts and wherein:

.Figure l illustrates inside elevation partly1 in section the application of my in'iprovedv shock absorber to an automobile;

Fig. 2 illustrates in enlarged side elevawtion partly in il@ lill and

Fig'. 3 is a transverse section on line 3-3 bien 2. i Referring now to the drawings wherein li have illustrated the adoption of my dcvice to the springisuspension of an automobile, 2 indicates-the axles and 8 the body', one having,f movement with relation to another.

Aflthouefh I have illustrated the device applied to both front and rear axles the description will be principally confined to one,

the reference characters being in substan ntially all instances applicable to both front and rear suspensions.

A lever l is pivoted between its ends at ti in auch manner that the position of the Specification of Letters'Patent.

section, the deviceunder load Patented duly l., 1919.

application mea March 1.a, 1917. aerial ne. 154,324...

pivotal connection is stationary with respect to one of the parts between which there 1s relative movement,'for instance the axle 2.

.neend oi' the lever, the outer end is suitably/,connected to the other part, the body 3, `by aj pivot link 6 as shown at the front ofFig. l or by laminated spring 7 as shown at the rear or in other suitable manner accommodating movement of the body and axle.

The opposite or inner end of the lever carries a bolt 8 which, dependingtherefrom has a collar 9 mounted upon'its lower end and between which collar and an abutment having a position stationary with relation to the axle, a coil spring l()v bears and resists upward movement of the inner end of the lever. The spring' encircles the bolt and the collar is held upon the bolt by a nut 11 screwed upon tlie'lower end of the bolt and serving in addition as a means ofadjustment for the tension of the coil spring or for the replacing oi the latter.

The inner end of the lever l is flattened in the plane of the pivot and in the ioi'm shown the lever is fulcrumed to swing ver-4 tically, the top and bottom of such inner end havingconvex parabolica] surfaces l2 andy 13 disposed between top and bottom friction plates 14C and 15, through which and the inner end of lever Il the bolt S passes. The plates are suitably aperturml with vertically arranged bolt openings 16 and the lever -l'ormed with a bolt opening' 17 registering with openings 16 and preterably flared toward its ends to :ucouunmlate the swinging; movementfoi the lever. The head of the. bolt rests upon top Aplate 14 and the leverage is transn'iittcd to the spring' through the plate and bolt, the bottom plate forn'liingr an abutment 'For a coil spring l? which encircles the bolt within the coil l0 and bearing between said bottom' plate and collar 9 serves to resist spreading ot' the friction plates' and also supplements the action of spring l() as will be more fully described,

When in operation, the outer end oi lever 4 moves down under load and raises the inner end against the resistance 'of sprinpr 10 which is compressed as the washoy 9 is moved up by the bolt, the influence of which is as the movement of the lever increases` gradually increased by a decrease ot' the leverage effected througli the medium of the curved surface 12, the latter rolling upon the underside of plate 14 and increasing the leverage, such frictional 'resistance being i'ncreasingly augmented from said dead centering posltion by the action of sprmg 1S which asit is compressed between bottom plate and collar 9 increases the resistance to thespreading apart of the plates by the cam- 'like action of the curved lever arm.

The rebound is dampened by the reverse action of the inner end of the lever in gradually increasing the leverageexerted by surface 12 upon spring 10 and gradually decreasing the leverage exerted by surface 13 directly through the bottom plate upon spring 18, such surface 13 gradually rollig to the position shown in Fig. 1 and in like manner to that described in connection with surface 12 increasing its frictional contact with the bottom plate.

In the embodiment shown the equipment is duplicated at either side of the axle, the above description being applicable to both and which act inconjunction, the plates 14 and 15 being preferably extended lfrom one to the other to serve both and being iangedat the sides at 31 to straddle the levers.

The inner ends of the levers and the friction plates'are inc'losed within aV casing 2O consisting preferably of two half sect-ions bolted together and fixed uponthe axle so thatr their position is stationary thereto,` such casing having end apertures 21 through which the outer ends of the levers protrude,

the sides of the easing -provi ing bearings 22 for pins 5 each of which trry one of the levers and constitute the bfore mentioned fulcrum the position of wh' h is stationary with relation to the axle. esides of the casing are close to the lev s and serve to prevent lateral twisting of the same. The edges of the apertures 21 :ire bordered by y strips 22a of brass or other suitablemetal to provide a tight joint excluding dust and other foreign matter, each lever adjacentits fulcrum being rounded at the top and bot` tom concentrically with its pin 5 and the top and bottom i strips being correspondingly curved. ,V i

The bottom of the casing is aperturcd at 23 ufor the .accommodation of bolts 8 and springslS, the springs 10 bearing against tbe'underside of the casing which constitutes the before mentioned abutment having a position stationary with relation to the axle.

Each set of springs 10 and 18 is incloded by a cap 2-1 which is screwed upon a boss 25 surrounding the aperture 23 and while `serving as an extension of the protective casing 22 can be quickly removed to expose the springs for inspection or renewal or to permit of adjustment of the springs.

The caps 24 serve to close the apertures 23 and thus exclude foreign matter from the interior of the casin and in addition constitute oil or other lu ricant cups, such caps' closely surrounding the washers 9 and providing spaces for the lubricant between the washers and the ends of the caps. y

Each washer is provided with a port 26 controlled by a normally open spring valve 27 upon the underside of the washer while each bolt 8 is axially bored at 28 from top to bottom to bring the oil reservoirs at the bottoms of the cups into communication with the interior of the casing 20. The lubricant may be introduced through ports in the top lof the casing, registering with the bores 28 and normally closed by plugs 29 while a draining opening is provided at 50.

With the arrangement just described the equipment is automatically lubricated because when the washers move down with the downward swing of the inner ends of the glevers the valves are forced closed against the underside of the washers and thel lubricant is forced up through the bores 28 and vvertical direction, of a shock absorber controlling such movement and'having therein 'a differential lever pivotally connected at one end to one of'said parts and pvotally connected at its fulcrum point to the other of said parts, such fulcrum point being situate'd between the power and weight arms of the lever and the axes of the arms being in horizontal planes, and the weight arm of the leverpresenting upper and lower convex parabolical operating surfaces.

2. The combination with two parts between which there is relative movement, of a shock absorber controlling such movement and h'avinfr therein spring mechanism, 'a differential lever presenting a convex parabolical operating surface and being ,pivotally connected to each of said parts andV fulcrumed between its power and weight arms, and movable plates. in operative con nection with the spring mechanism and adapted to be acted upon by the operating surface of the lever.

3.The combination with two parts be- -shock absorber controlling such movement and having therein spring mechanism, a lever having a portion thereof m differential engagement with the spring mechanism and a casing inclosinp,- the top, bottom and sides of said portion of the lever.

4. The combination with two parts between which there is relative movement, of a shoclcabsorber controlling said movement and having;h spring mechanism, a differential lever acting upon the Spring mechanism and meansJ for automatically lubricating' the shock absorber. 4

5. The combination with two parts between which there is relative movement, of a shock absorber controlling said movement and having a main load resisting spring, a secondary spring and a differential lever acting upon said springs, 4the portion of the the lever acting upon the springs being on the same side of 'both springs.

6. The combination wih two parts between which there is relative movement, of

a shock absorber controlling said movement and having a main load resisting spring, a secondary spring and a lever acting upon said springs and, adapted when moved in one direction to compress both springs simultaneously, such lever reducing the le- 'verage exerted upon one of sald sprmgs in roportion to increased movement of. the ever in said direction and 'reducing the leverage exerted upon the other spring in proportion to increased movement of the lever in the opposite direction.

7. The combination with two parts between which there is relative movement, of

a shock absorber controlling said movement Vand having a main load resisting spring, a

secondary springF and" a lever acting upon said springs atthe same side otl each of the latter and adapted to reduce the leverage exerted upon one of said springs in proportion to increased movement of the lever in one direction and reduce the lleverage ex-y erted upon the other spring in proportion to increased movement of the liever in the op y posite direction.

8. The ,combina-'tion with two parts be@ tween which there is relative movement, of a lever fulcrumed to one off said parts, the lever atone side of the f ulcrum beingl connected to the other of said parts and having' at the opposite side of the fulcrum a, paralbolical surfacesubstantiallydn the plane of the/ fulcrum, a movable abutment in engagemei'it with the convex parabolical surface, spring i echanism and means connectlinnr the abutment to the spring mechanism to resist the movement thereof.

9. The combination with two parts be tween which there is relative movement, a differential lever fulcrumed to one of said parte and connected to the other part, a

spring,

being relatively movable, a bolt lever, connected to the spring and adapted to be moved by the lever against the influence of the spring, a second movable plate at the opposite side of the lever, said plates being adapted to be spread apart by the lever and a second spring resisting the spreading` apart of the plates.

l0. AThe combination with two parts between which there is relative movement, a diiferential lever fulcrumed to one of said parts and connected to the other part, al

spring, a movable plate at one side of the lever, connected to the spring and adapted to be moved by the lever against the iniiu ence of the spring, a second movable plate at the opposite side ofthe lever, said plates being adapted to be spread apart by the lever and a second spring differentially re- Sistiner the spreading apart of the plates.

1l.A The combination with two parts be tween which there is relative movement, of a shock absorber controlling such movement and consisting of a-lever fulcrumed between its ends to one of the parts and connected at one end to the other part, the opposite end of the lever presenting opposite convex parabolical surfaces, a friction plate enraging one of said surfaces, a second friction plate engaging the other surface, such plates assing through plates and lever and carrie( thereby, a washer near the end of the bolt, an abutment the position of which is stationary with relation to the part to which the lever is fulcrumed, a spring bearing between the washer and abutmentand a spring bearing' a movable plate at one sidev of the between the washer and Second mentioned friction plate.

12. The combination with two parts between which there is relative movement, of a shock absorber controllingsuch movement and consisting of a lever fulcrumed between its ends to one of the parts and connected at one end to the other part, the opposite end of the lever presenting opposite convex parabolical surfaces, a friction plate engaging one of said surfaces, a ,second friction plate engaging the other ,fsurfacm a 'bolt passing; through the plats and lever and carried thereby, awasher near the end of the bolt, and. having a port therein, a normally open spring valve/'controlling the port, an abutment the position of which is sta tionary with relation tb the part to which the lever is fulcrumed, a spring bearing between the washer and abutment, a spring bearing Y cant in the space at the end of the cap, said bolt being' axially bored to bring the lubricant space into communication with the interior of the casing.

13. In a vehicle, the combination with the body thereof and the axle, of a casing carricd by the axle and having a position stationary with relation thereto, such casing having an end aperture and` aI bottom aperture, a vertically swinging lever fulcrumed upon the casing and having one end extending outwardly through the end aperture and pivoted to the body, the opposite end extending inwardly and having the top and bottom surfaces of its inner end convexly curved in parabollcal form, a friction plate 1n contactV wlth the top curved surface, a

` second friction plate in contact with the bottom Curved surface, such plates"being` relatively movable and liangcd ,to 4stralddle the lever and the plates and hiver 'having registering openings inline with the bottom aperture, a bolt passingr through the said openings and depending through the bottoni aperture, a washer upon the lower end of the bolt, a nut holding the washer in plaeea coil spring encircling the bolt and bearing 'between washer and the casing, a spring bearing between the washer and said second mentioned friction plate and a cap inclosing said springs and ren'iovably secured to the casing.

In testimony` whereof, I have signed my name to this specification.

GEORGE BINET DOREY. 

